Learn English Language: Groundbreaking Cancer News!
Tune into our latest podcast to #LearnEnglish while learning about an amazing cancer treatment. #MedicalVocabulary #PositiveNews
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Why Choose This Lesson?
- 🎧 Listening Practice: Real-world English listening practice.
- 🗣️ Improve Conversation: Enhance your English speaking skills.
- 🌍 Stay Informed: Keep up with groundbreaking cancer treatments and NHS trials.
- 📚 Vocabulary: Learn essential medical terms.
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Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food.
⭐ Hippocrates
✔️ Lesson transcript: https://adeptenglish.com/lessons/learn-english-language-medical-vocabulary-cancer-news/
The good physician treats the disease; the great physician treats the patient who has the disease.
⭐ William Osler
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More About This Lesson
Learn about groundbreaking cancer developments while expanding your English medical vocabulary. Discover how these medical advancements can transform lives while you improve your English fluency.
The greatest wealth is health.
⭐ Virgil
- Improve listening skills with clear, spoken English on interesting topics.
- Learn medical vocabulary through real-world examples.
- Expand your vocabulary with the 500 Most Common Words Course.
- Understand current events related to medical advancements.
- Get detailed explanations of complex terms like "vaccine" and "anaesthetic."
- Practice repeat listening with shorter podcasts for better retention.
- Follow along easily with clear speech and spelling of difficult words.
- Stay engaged with positive and relevant news stories.
- Develop listening comprehension with practical and relatable content.
- Enhance cultural knowledge by learning about the UK's NHS system.
We pack a lot of value into every English lesson - Learn about the latest developments in cancer treatment. Acquire essential medical terms related to cancer and vaccines. Stay informed about important news stories while improving your English. Enhance your language skills through repeated listening to relevant topics. Gain practical knowledge by learning English in real-life scenarios.
The human spirit is stronger than anything that can happen to it.
⭐ C.C. Scott
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
- What is the main focus of this English lesson transcript? This lesson focuses on discussing a new cancer treatment while teaching medical vocabulary related to cancer. The aim is to enhance your English language skills, particularly in understanding and using medical terms.
- How does the new cancer vaccine mentioned in the lesson work? The new treatment uses mRNA technology, similar to COVID-19 vaccines, to create a tailored treatment based on the genetic profile of a patient's cancer. This helps the patients own immune system recognize and destroy cancer cells by introducing protein cells that mimic the patient's cancer cells.
- What are the benefits of learning medical vocabulary through this lesson? Learning medical vocabulary through current events like this cancer trial helps you stay informed and engaged while improving your English language skills. It also provides practical knowledge that can be useful in medical contexts.
- How can the 500 Most Common Words Course help in learning English? The 500 Most Common Words Course on Adept English's website helps expand your vocabulary and ensures you know the most frequently used words in English. This foundation makes it easier to understand and speak English fluently.
- Why is this podcast shorter than usual, and how does it benefit English learners? This podcast is shorter because feedback suggested that shorter episodes allow for more repeat listens, which is beneficial for learning. Repetition helps reinforce new vocabulary and concepts, making it easier to remember and use them in conversation.
Most Unusual Words:
- Spontaneously: Happening by itself without being planned.
- Trialled: Tested to see how well something works.
- Surgery: Medical operation to remove or fix something inside the body.
- Anaesthetic: Drug that makes you unable to feel pain.
- Radiotherapy: Treatment using radiation to target and kill cancer cells.
- Chemotherapy: Treatment using chemicals to kill cancer cells.
- Likelihood: The chance that something will happen.
- Screening: Checking for disease before there are any symptoms.
- mRNA: A type of molecule used in vaccines to help the body recognize and fight diseases.
- Immune System: The body's defence system against diseases.
Most Frequently Used Words:
| Word | Count |
|---|---|
| Cancer | 26 |
| Vaccine | 12 |
| Which | 11 |
| Immune | 10 |
| System | 10 |
| People | 9 |
| English | 7 |
| Cells | 7 |
| Means | 6 |
| Treatment | 6 |
Listen To The Audio Lesson Now
Transcript: We Can Stop Cancer Returning-Improve Your English
My goodness - another ‘Positive News Story’!
Hi there. We know that you love our positive news stories. And I say sometimes ‘They’re hard to find’. But this week a positive news story appeared spontaneously, without me having to search. So I thought I’d do a short podcast to share it with you. This is a shorter podcast, because some of you gave feedback that this means you can do more repeat listens and that’s useful to your learning. If you want a longer podcast, then that’s the Monday one! Let us know if you agree! But either way, great English language listening as usual and we’re covering ‘medical vocabulary’ today, which is also handy. Move forward in your English learning journey with current events that keep you interested and well informed.
Hello, I’m Hilary, and you’re listening to Adept English. We will help you to speak English fluently. All you have to do is listen. So start listening now and find out how it works.
So this week a news story on cancer - that’s CANCER and a ground-breaking new treatment for cancer that’s never been tried before and should make a massive difference to people’s lives. Sometimes when I talk about a positive news story, I have to give the negative story first. ‘Cancer’ is a word that sparks fear all across the world. And it can strike anyone at any time. However, medical advancements bring continual improvement in treatment. And this particular news story, with a link provided in the transcript, revolves around trials for a cancer vaccine. A ‘vaccine’, VACCINE usually goes into your arm, using a needle - like many people had during the COVID pandemic. And the purpose of a vaccine is of course, to prevent disease. And you might initially think ‘Oh - a vaccine to prevent us getting cancer?’ That would be great, wouldn’t it, if it was that simple? But no, this vaccine is for people who have already had cancer - and its purpose is to help stop the cancer returning after treatment is finished.
📷
An AI generated visual of human immune system working against a virus. Improve your English fluency with engaging, current topics.
A breakthrough in cancer treatment
So this is to be trialled and tested within the NHS in the UK - the NHS being of course our ‘National Health Service’. So thousands of NHS cancer patients in England will take part in trials of this new type of treatment using vaccines to fight their disease. So far thirty hospitals have agreed to be part of the project.
Prepare to speak English with our Most Common 500 Words Course
Before I carry on, don’t forget that on our website at adeptenglish.com is our Most Common 500 Words Course. This course is great if you find the podcasts difficult - it’ll help you expand your vocabulary and make sure you have the most common words covered. And this course is also useful when you come to start speaking English too. Don't forget, if you know the 500 Most Common Words automatically, this can really help unblock your speaking and improve your English conversation. That’s on our website at adeptenglish.com.
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Useful medical vocabulary - to talk about surgery and treatments
So back to the trial for the cancer vaccine. Who is this for? Well, when people have cancer, the first treatment is usually surgery. ‘Surgery’, SURGERY typically means that the cancer is removed in an operation. And the person who does such an operation is called a ‘surgeon’, SURGEON. And the patient, the person with the cancer is unconscious, not aware and ‘under anaesthetic’, that’s ANAESTHETIC. ‘Anaesthetic’ usually means you can’t feel anything. And if it’s what we call a ‘general anaesthetic’, it means that we’re unconscious, we’re not awake either.
So once the cancer is removed in surgery, other treatments may follow, depending upon the level of risk the patient has. Some people have radiotherapy alone. That is a treatment where radiation is used to target particular areas of the body, where it is thought that cancer cells - little bits of cancer - may remain. And some people also have treatment called in English ‘chemotherapy’, that’s CHEMOTHERAPY, which basically means chemicals which kill cancer cells are fed into the body. The problem is that those chemicals in chemotherapy and the radiation in radiotherapy also affect the healthy parts of the body too. And people usually find chemotherapy a very difficult treatment.
After all of that, cancer patients may also be given drugs. Usually these are in the form of tablets or medication, which patients then take to reduce the risk of the cancer coming back. And much of the time, this works well and the patient remains healthy and the cancer doesn’t return. But what is difficult here - it’s not clear which patients will have the cancer come back and which won’t. Patients are given a % likelihood for whether their cancer may return. There may be some limited screening test and the risk reduces with time, but the patients themselves have to live with that risk, which may be long-term.
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How would a ‘cancer vaccine’ work? And why is it now possible?
What this new vaccine promises to do - is nothing short of miraculous. Potentially anyway - it is only just being tested. The vaccine is mRNA technology and developed by BioNTech, so the same mRNA technology as used in the COVID vaccine. Making vaccines is much quicker and easier with this mRNA method of production. And what else is different about this vaccine? Well, genetic tests are performed on the cancer that’s been removed and then the vaccine is tailored, customised, designed specifically for these genetic changes in a particular patient’s cancer. This means that when the vaccine is introduced into the body, it puts protein cells into the body, which the patient’s immune system can see and which look just like the cancer. Your ‘immune system’, IMMUNE - that is the body’s defence system against disease - and the immune system is a wonderful thing. The problem with cancer cells can be that the patient’s immune system doesn’t always see them, it doesn’t recognise them.
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So the brilliant part with this vaccine is that the patient’s immune system is able to see the protein cells that have been introduced by the vaccine. And because the proteins have been produced to be genetically similar to the patient’s own cancer, this teaches their immune system to also look for similar cells. It’s as though it’s teaching the immune system specifically what type of cells to look for and destroy. People sometimes say - there are lots of times when our bodies contain cancer cells, but they don’t come to anything because the immune system sees them destroys them. Cancers only become a problem, when the immune system doesn’t properly recognise them and doesn’t attack. But this vaccine causes the patient’s body to ‘see’ any remaining cancer cells and destroy them. And the immune system is super efficient at doing this, when it’s working properly and it knows what to look for. That’s the way any vaccine works, but instead of this vaccine being against a disease, it’s against the patient’s own cancer cells. How clever is that?
More gentle and effective treatments for cancer - a huge breakthrough!
So what this may mean in the future? Anyone getting cancer, who has surgery to remove it, may not then face other treatments to prevent the cancer from returning. Treatments like radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which are really difficult and which do damage to the body. Imagine if people only needed to have a series of vaccinations instead. And that their long-term risk of cancer returning was dramatically reduced. That would be brilliant news for so many people around the world. And maybe for you and me in the future too.
Goodbye
Science can be marvellous sometimes, can’t it? Let us know what you think.
Enough for now. Have a lovely day. Speak to you again soon. Goodbye.
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